What Is MCP? Why Every AI Company Is Racing to Adopt It

Quick Summary
By March 2026, the Model Context Protocol (MCP) SDK reached 97 million monthly downloads, a 970-fold increase in 18 months. Handed over to the Linux Foundation, MCP has become the universal 'USB-C for AI' standard adopted by OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Microsoft, and AWS.
In March 2026, the Model Context Protocol (MCP) SDK reached 97 million monthly downloads, a 970-fold increase just 18 months after its launch. OpenAI, Google DeepMind, Microsoft, and AWS have all integrated MCP into their products. By December 2025, Anthropic officially handed over MCP to the Linux Foundation to make it an open industry standard. MCP is no longer just Anthropic's internal project, but the foundational infrastructure upon which nearly the entire AI industry is building.
What is MCP?
Model Context Protocol (MCP) is an open protocol released by Anthropic in November 2024. It enables AI models to connect with external data and tools such as Gmail, GitHub, Notion, and internal databases using a single unified standard, eliminating the need for custom integrations per tool.
The easiest way to visualize MCP is by comparing it to USB-C. Before USB-C, every device required its own charger cable, creating a clutter of different cables. USB-C emerged to give every device a single standardized port that works everywhere. MCP does the same for AI, providing seamless connectivity to any tool, platform, or data source supporting the standard without custom code for every model-tool combination.

How Does MCP Work?
Host-Client-Server Architecture
MCP is not just a simple two-tier client-server system as commonly thought, but actually defines three distinct roles:
- Host: The AI application you interact with directly, such as Claude Desktop, Claude Code, or an AI-enabled IDE. Acting as the central orchestrator, the Host manages access permissions and security policies for the entire session.
- Client: Created by the Host, each Client connects to exactly one Server and handles bidirectional communication between Host and Server.
- Server: A server connecting directly to the native tool or platform (such as Google Drive, Slack, Email, Calendar, or Database). The Server exposes capabilities and executes actions for the AI.
When you connect 3 MCP servers in Claude Desktop, the Host is actually managing 3 distinct Clients, each speaking to its designated Server.
Three Core Primitives: Tools, Resources, Prompts
- Tools: Executable functions that the AI can call to perform actions, such as
send_email,create_issue, orsearch_database. - Resources: Data that the AI can read to supply context to the LLM, such as files, records, Notion pages, or database entries.
- Prompts: Pre-built command templates supplied by the Server to guide the AI on how to use tools effectively for specific tasks or enable quick user triggers.
A Concrete Example
Suppose you ask Claude "Which recent email mentions contract ABC?". Claude Desktop (Host) initializes a Client connecting to the Gmail MCP Server. This Server calls the Gmail API to search for relevant emails and returns the result in standard MCP format. Claude reads the response and answers you in natural language. For multi-step workflows, like summarizing a YouTube video and saving the summary to Google Drive, Claude calls two different MCP Servers sequentially within the same task, requiring zero manual context switching from you.
How Does MCP Differ from Traditional APIs or Plugins?
Before MCP, if you wanted 5 different AI models (Claude, GPT, Gemini, Llama, Mistral) to connect to 5 services (Gmail, Slack, GitHub, Notion, Jira), you theoretically needed to write 25 separate integration pairs — an N×M problem.
MCP solves this problem by standardizing the protocol in the middle. We only need to write one MCP server, and every MCP-compliant AI model can use it immediately. The required integrations drop from N×M down to N+M.
- Traditional Plugins: Each AI platform maintains its own plugin system (e.g., GPT Actions, custom Claude tool use), which cannot be used cross-platform.
- Traditional APIs: Developers must read documentation, write custom API calling code, and handle authentication per service, typically limited to fixed request-response patterns.
- MCP: A universal standard — write once and use across the entire MCP-supported AI ecosystem, featuring continuous bidirectional communication where AI can both pull data (read schedules) and push actions (create events) within a single session.
When Are Traditional APIs Still Better Than MCP?
MCP's flexibility does not mean it is always the best choice. For systems requiring absolute precision and deterministic behavior — such as banking operations like balance checks or wire transfers — traditional APIs with fixed, strictly controlled workflows remain safer. MCP is best suited when you need AI to autonomously decide which tool to call and in what order based on conversational context, rather than rigid transactions requiring strict risk control.
Why Is the Entire AI Industry Racing to Adopt MCP?
The adoption rate of MCP is unprecedented for a new tech standard. In March 2025, OpenAI officially supported MCP in its Agents SDK and ChatGPT Desktop, despite Anthropic being a direct competitor. By mid-2025, Google DeepMind integrated MCP into the Gemini API. Microsoft brought MCP support to VS Code Copilot, reaching General Availability in July 2025.
The biggest turning point occurred on December 9, 2025, when Anthropic handed MCP over to the Agentic AI Foundation (AAIF) under the Linux Foundation. OpenAI and Block co-founded the foundation, while AWS, Google, Microsoft, Cloudflare, and Bloomberg joined as platinum members. This signaled clearly that MCP was no longer Anthropic's proprietary technology, but shared infrastructure that even competitors wanted to build together.
By July 2026, MCP released its largest spec update to date (2026-07-28), moving the core protocol to stateless, adding an Extensions framework, and introducing OAuth/OpenID Connect authorization. This eliminated the final hurdles for enterprise production deployments. As of 2026, over 10,000 public MCP servers are running in production, and 28% of Fortune 500 companies have deployed custom internal MCP servers.
Practical Application: How to Use MCP with Claude
For Claude.ai or Claude Desktop users, connecting an MCP server requires no coding skills. Navigate to Settings → Extensions to view available MCP servers (Google Drive, Notion, Slack, GitHub, Asana...) or add a custom server via URL. Once connected, Claude automatically knows when to invoke specific tools based on your prompts.
Here are a few real-world use cases I use daily for 4AIVN editorial work:
- Claude + Google Drive MCP: Ask directly "Find last week's Gemini 3.7 article outline" instead of searching Drive manually.
- Claude + GitHub MCP: Review pull requests and read issues without leaving the chat window.
- Claude + Notion MCP: Update the content calendar database while brainstorming article ideas.
MCP Will Undoubtedly Keep Growing
The most remarkable aspect of MCP is not the protocol itself, but how rapidly it is becoming an implicit standard when users evaluate AI tools. Just as laptop buyers now ask "Does it have USB-C?", in 1-2 years asking "Does this tool have an MCP server?" will likely become a key evaluation criterion for any SaaS or device. This is no longer just a game for OpenAI, Google, or Anthropic; any enterprise or product without MCP integration, regardless of how good it is, risks falling at a disadvantage as users grow accustomed to asking AI directly instead of opening apps manually.
For small and medium enterprises, including those in Vietnam, this represents an opportunity rather than pressure. Writing an MCP server does not demand massive infrastructure like building an AI model — wrapping an existing API according to MCP spec is enough for your product to "speak" with Claude, ChatGPT, or any MCP-compliant AI client. Early movers gain a clear competitive edge while user habits are still forming.



